Point clouds are extremely large data files generally created through the use of laser scanning, high definition surveying, or LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). Civil engineers and AEC customers will be mostly benefited with this software . It will enable customers to read, store, index, and quickly retrieve the extremely large data sets into the design infrastructure management process & create more accurate designs & mapping information faster. In addition to saving time in the design process, it enables innovators to capture, model, and modify complex physical shapes, such as organic forms. The users will be able visualize and analyze data in 3D and better build high-precision 3D models into projects earlier on, especially for those involved in road design and utility and telecommunications layouts. 3-D models can be created in two ways as well. For complex shapes, a mesh (which is a triangulated surface, similar to a digital terrain model) can be computed automatically by the point-cloud processing software. For simpler 3-D shapes, such as planes, rounded shapes, or cylinders, the operator can convert the point-cloud into solid 3-D shapes. These solid shapes usually are imported into simulation software, such as lighting/ illumination simulation programs or animation software, which can be used to test the impact of a project on the natural environment. The point-cloud 3-D laser scanners used in civil engineering applications measure a project's current status very quickly. Typically, 5,000 single points are measured per second. And you can collect measurements every tenth of an inch for objects that are 300 feet away from the scanner. Therefore, the database of a bridge or a road scan can grow rapidly to include more than tens of millions of measurements, and standard CAD packages are unable to display the information. The scanned data creates a 3D digital form called a “point cloud,” [For each point scanned, the X, Y, Z data (north, east, and elevation); the color of the point measured; and the returned intensity of the laser are collected, and together compose the point-cloud. ] which is visible on a computer screen and can be studied and manipulated. In addition to the spatial data expected from a survey, laser scanners are providing information such as true color (giving the impression of seeing a picture of the project in 3-D), returned laser intensity (which is the amount of light captured by the instrument, helping to depict the scene), and project management data (including location, date and time information, technicians' names, weather conditions, and scanner position). |
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